İngilizce Alfabe ve Fonetik

only roses

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İNGİLİZCE ALFABE (ENGLISH ALPHABET)

A – a (ey)
B – b (bi)
C – c (si)
D – d (di)
E – e (i)
F – f (ef)
G – g ( ci )
H – h (eyç)
I – i (ay)
J – j (cey)
K – k (key)
L – l (el)
M – m (em)
N – n (en)
O – o (ouğ)
P – p (pi)
Q – q (küuğ)
R – r (ağr)
S – s (es)
T – t (ti)
U – u (yuğ)
V – v (vi)
W – w (dabılyuğ)
X – x (ekz)
Y – y (vay)
Z – z (zed)


.................................................. ...............................

HARFLER

►“C” harfi, “e, i, y” harfleri önünde “s” gibi okunur.

örnek: city (siti), mercy (mörsi) vb.

► “C” harfi “a, o, u” harfleri önünde genelde “k” gibi okunur.

örnek: cat (ket), cold (kold), cup (kap), curtain (körtın) vb.

►“G” harfi, “e, i, y” harfleri önünde “c” gibi okunur.

örnek: page (peyc), energy (enırci), gentlemen (centılmın) vb.

►“J” harfi, daima “c” olarak okunur.

örnek: jam (cem), July (culay), just (cast) vb.

►“Kn” ile başlayan kelimelerde “k” harfi okunmaz.

örnek: Knife (nayf), knee (nii), knight (nayt), knock (nak) vb.

Çift sesliler

Çift sesliler - Okunuşu - Örnek kelimeler

ai - ê - nail (nêyl) , maid (mêyd), hair (hêyır)

au - ô - daughter (dôtır), because (bikôz)

ea - i - eat (iit), ear (iır), easy (iizi)

ee - î - tree (trî), see (sî)

ew - yu - new (niyu), few (fiyu), nephew (nifyu)

ie - î - niece (nîs), piece (pîs)

oa - o - coat (koot), soap (soop), board (boord)

oe - u - shoe (şuu)

oo - u - book (buuk), foot (fuut)

ou - au - mouse (maus), house (haus), out (aut)

ow - ô - low (lô), window (vindô)


Çift seslilerde istisnalar

►“u” olarak okunan “oo”, bazen “ô” olarak okunur.

örnek: floor (flôr), door (dôr) vb.

►“u” olarak okunan “oo”, bazen de “a” olarak okunur.

örnek: blood (blad) vb.

►“ô” olarak okunan “ow”, bazen “au” olarak okunur.

örnek: how (hau), flower (flauvır), now (nau), down (dauvn) vb.

Çift sessizler

Çift sessizler - Okunuşu - Örnek kelimeler

ch - ç - cheese (çiiz) , child (çayld)

sh - ş - ship (şip), she (şii), short (şort)

th - dh - the (dhı), this (dhis), three (dhri)

ph - f - nephew (nifyu), photo (fotoğ)

Çift sessizlerde istisnalar

►“ç” olarak okunan “ch”, bazen “k” olarak okunur.

örnek: ache (æk), school (skuul), monarch (monırk), vb.

► Kelime sonuna denk geldiğinde genelde telaffuz edilmeyen “gh” [örneğin high-(hay)] sesi, bazen “f” olarak okunur.

örnek: laughter (lâfdır), enough (inaf) vb.


.................................................. ............

English Vowels / Ünlüler

ʌ A,a

come, run, comfort, company, enough, blood, funny, monkey, stomach, result

/kam/, /ran/, KAM-fıt/, /KAM-pıni/, /i-NAF/, /blad/, /FA-ni/, /MAN-ki/, /STA-mık/, /ri-ZALT/

ɑ: A: a:

task, dark, jar, charm, guard, father, rather

/ta:sk/, /da:k/, /ca:/, /ça:m/, /ga:d/, /FA:-dzı/, /RA:-dzı/

æ Æ æ

bad, cat, gas, chat, lamb, lamp, fat, thank, exact

/bæd/, /cæt/, /gæs/, /çæt/, /lam/, /læmp/, /fæt/, /tsænk/, /ig-ZÆKT/

e, ɛ E e

pen, bed, red, get, text, deaf, kept, then, very, seven

/pen/, /bed/, /red/, /get/, /tekst/, /def/, /kept/, /dzen/, /VE-ri/, /SE-vn/

ɪ İ i

sit, pit, fit, city, king, rich, symbol, become, women

/sit/, /pit/, /fit/, /Sİ-ti/, /kinG/, /riç/, /SİM-bıl/, /bi-KAM/, /Wİ-min/

i: İ: i:

see, sea, tree, field, machine, people

/si:/, /si:/, tri:/, /fi:ld/, /mı-Şİ:N/, /Pİ:pl/

ɔ @

hot, dog, not, want, cough, solid, Austria, foreign, involve

/h@t/, /d@g/, /n@t/, /w@nt/, /k@f/, /S@-lid/, /@S-triı/, /F@-rın/, /in-V@LV/

ɔ: @:

law, saw, form, short, bought, thought, caught, fault, water, author, appal

/l@:/, /s@:/, /f@:m/, /ş@:t/, /b@:t/, /θ@:t/, /k@:t/, /f@:lt/, /W@:-tı/, /@:-θı/, /ı-P@:L/

ʊ U u

put, good, look, could, would, should, wood, full, push, cushion, woman, bosom

/put/, /gud/, /luk/, /kud/, /wud/, /şud/, /wud/, /ful/, /puş/, /KU-şın/, /WU-mın/, /BU-zım/

u: U: u:

soon, pool, boot, cool, goose, June, tomb, through, music, presume

/su:n/, /pu:l/, /bu:t/, /ku:l/, /gu:s/, /cu:n/, tu:m/, /θru:/, /MYU:/zik/, /pri-ZYU:M/

ɜ: Ö: ö:

her, earn, bird, turn, church, germ, nurse, thirst, journey, journal, amateur

/hö:/, /ö:n/, /bö:d/, /tö:n/, /çö:ç/, cö:m/, nö:s/, /θö:st/, CÖ:-ni/, /CÖ:-nıl/, /Æ-mı-TÇÖ:/

ə I ı

about, along, attempt, salad, breakfast, effort, picture, company, companion

/ı-BAUT/, /ı-L@NG/, /ı-TEMPT/, /SÆ-lıd/, /BREYK-fıst/, /E-fıt/, /PİK-çı/, /KAM-pıni/, /kım-PÆN-yın/



English Consonants / Ünsüzler

p P, p

pen, tip, public, upper, pepper, capable, power, sport

/pen/, /tip/, /PAB-lik/, /A-pı/, /PE-pı/, /KEY-pıbl/, /PAU-ı/, /sp@:t/

b B, b

bed, bad, web, bee, bubble, October

/bed/, /bæd/, /web/, /bi:/, /BA-bl/, /@K-TOU-bı/

t T, t

two, bet, letter, quantity, Atkinson, tomato, potato

/tu:/, /bet/, /LE-tı/, /KW@N-titi/, /ÆT-kinsın/, /tı-MA:-TOU/, /pı-TEY-TOU

d D,d

good, did, odd, admire, bed-time, garden, width, chased, begged, downtown, middle

/gud/, /did/, /@d/, /ıd-MAYR/, /BED-TAYM/, /GA:-dn/, /widθ/, /çeyzd/, /begd/, /DAUN-TAUN/, /midl/

tʃ Ç, ç

chair, choose, chalk, church, nature, furniture, bitch, question, lecture, orchard, enchant


/çeı/, /çu:z/, /ç@:k/, /çö:ç/, /NEY-çı/, /FÖ:-niçı/, /biç/, /KWES-çın/, /LEK-çı/, /@:-çıd/, /in-ÇA:NT/

dʒ C, c

gin, Jean, joy, edge, gem, James, George, pigeon, religion, gymnastic, Greenwich, Norwich, sandwich

/cin/, /ci:n/, /joi/, /ec/, /cem/, /ceymz/, /c@:c/, /Pİ-cin/, /ri-Lİ-cın/, /cim-NÆS-tik/, /GRİ-nic/, /N@-ric/, /SÆN-wic/

k K, k

come, came, cat, kill, queen, thick, conquer, character, chemist, Christmas

/kam/, /keym/, /kæt/, /kil/, /kwi:n/, /KW@-tı/, /θik/, /K@N-kı/, /KÆ-rıktı/, /KE-mist/, /KRİS-mıs/

g G, g

go, get, beg, big, egg, gas, guard, gown, tiger, sugar, exact, examine, dogmatic

/gou/, /get/, /beg/, /big/, /eg/, /gæs/, /ga:d/, /gaun/, /TAY-gı/, /ŞU-gı/, /ig-ZÆKT/, /ig-ZÆ-min/, /D@G-MÆ-tik/

f F, f

fit, fat, fence, foot, food, safe, loaf, half, tough, enough, philosophy, lieutenant

/fit/, /fæt/, /fens/, /fut/, fu:d/, /seyf/, /louf/, /ha:f/, /taf/, /i-NAF/, /fi-L@-sıfi/, /lef-TE-nınt/ (ABD: /lu-TE-nınt/)

v V, v

vest, vast, vicar, vase, voice, vulgar, volume, very, have, give, wives, wave

/vest/, /va:st/, /Vİ-kı/, /va:z/, /v@is/, /VAL-gı/, /V@L-yum/, /VE-ri/, /hæv/, /giv/, /wayvz/, /weyv/

θ TS ts

thin, thing, theme, theft, thank, think, thought, thumb, smith, bath, method, author, sympathy

/tsin/, /tsing/, /tsi:m/, /tseft/, /tsænk/, /tsink/, /ts@:t/, /tsam/, /smits/, /ba:ts/, /ME-tsıd/, /@:-tsı/, /SİM-pıtsi/

ð DZ dz

this, these, then, that, father, rather, gather, worthy, hither and thither


/dzis/, /dzi:z/, /dzen/, /dzæt/, /FA:-dzı/, /RA:-dzı/, /GÆ-dzı/, /WÖ:-dzi/, /Hİ-dzıın-DZİ-dzı/

s S, s

see, city, less, psalm, serious, gross, places, ceases, exercises, paradise, precise

/si:/, /Sİ-ti/, /les/, /sa:lm/, /Sİ:-ıriıs/, /grous/, /PLEY-siz/, /Sİ:-siz/, /EK-sı-SAY-ziz/, /PÆ-rı-DAYS/, /pri-SAYS/

z Z, z

zoo, zones, easy, raizor, his, hers, trees, dogs, ideas, raise, rose, scissors, reserves, diseases

/zu:/, /zounz/, /İ:-zi/, /REY-zı/, /hiz/, /hö:z/, /tri:z/, /d@gz/, /reyz/, /rouz/, /Sİ-zız/, /ri-ZÖ:VZ/, /di-Zİ:-ziz/

ʃ Ş, ş

she, shout, shoe, sure, sugar, wish, leash, marsh, emotion, ocean, precious, partial, assure, machine

/şi:/, /şaut/, /şu:/, /şuı/, /ŞU-gı/, /wiş/, /li:ş/, /ma:ş/, /i-MOU-şn/, /OU-şn/, /PRE-şıs/, /PA:-şl/, /ı-ŞUI/, /mı-Şİ:N/

ʒ J, j

seizure, pleasure, treasure, leisure, enclosure, composure, prestige, massage, espionage, beige


/Sİ:-jı/, /PLE-jı/, /TRE-jı/, /LE-jı/, /in-KLOU-jı/, /kım-POU-jı/, /PRES-Tİ:J/, /MÆ-SA:J/, /ES-piı-NA:J/, /beyj/

h H, h

hat, hit, heat, hook, hold, here, hard, behind, behave, inhabit, dishearten, childhood

/hæt/, /hit/, /hi:t/, /huk/, /hould/, /hiı/, /ha:d/, /bi-HAYND/, /bi-HEYV/, /in-HÆ-bit/, /dis-HA:-tn/, /ÇAYLD-HUD/

m M, m

make, man, ham, information, mnemonic

/meyk/, /mæn/, hæm/, /İN-fı-MEY-şn/, /ni:-M@-nik/
n N, n

no, tin, soon, pond, own, done, ignorance, enrol, enthusiasm

/nou/, /tin/, su:n/, /p@nd/, /oun/, /dan/, /İG-nırıns/, /in-ROUL/, /in-TSU:-ziæzm/

ŋ NG, ng

young, ring, long, king, finger, singer, younger, anchor, handkerchief


/yang/, /ring/, l@ng/, /king/, /FİNG-ı/, /SİNG-ı/, /YANG-ı/, /ÆNG-kı/, /HÆNG-kı-Çİ:F/

l L, l

"clear": leave, lake, look, large, along, million... "dark": feel, field, people, bell, table, noble, milk, health

/li:v/, /leyk/, /luk/, /la:rc/, /ı-L@NG/, /MİL-yın/... /fi:l/, /fi:ld/, /Pİ:pl/, /bel/, /TEY-bl/, /NOU-bl/, /milk/, /helts/

r R, r

red, rash, reason, very, wrong, write, arrange, prove, crowd, rarer, recruit, retrograde

/red/, /ræş/, /Rİ:-zn/, /VE-ri/, /r@ng/, /rayt/, /ı-REYNC/, /pru:v/, /kraud/, /RÆ-rı/, /ri-KRU:T/, /RET-rou-GREYD/

w W, w

we, wet, wag, warm, wool, wife, word, wear, weird, away, waiver, what, which, when

/wi:/, /wet/, /væg/, /w@:m/, /wul/, /wayf/, /wö:d/, /weı/, /wiıd/, /ı-WEY/, /WEY-vı/, /wh@t/, /whiç/, /when/

j Y, y

yes, yard, yatch, beyond, million, value, beauty, huge, human, queue, music, new, onion, familiar, simultaneous


/yes/, /ya:d/, /y@t/, /bi-Y@ND/ , /MİL-yın/, /VÆL-yu/, /bi-YU-ti/, /hyuc/, /HYU:-mın/, /kyu:/, /MYU:-zik/, /nyu:/,

/@N-yın/, /fı-MİL-yı/, /simıl-TEYN-yıs/



English Diphthongs / "Kayan" Seslikler

eɪ ey

day, pay, game, daisy, table, scale, break, change, James, neighbour, railway, player

/dey/, /pey/, /geym/, /DEY-zi/, /TEY-bl/, /skeyl/, /breyk/, çeync/, /ceymz/, /NEY-bı/, /REYL-WEY/, /PLEY-ı/
aɪ ay

my, fly, time, find, child, tried, cries, height, buy, eye, choir, aisle, quite, vine, resign

/may/, /flay/, /taym/, /faynd/, /çayld/, /tçrayd/, /krayz/, /hayt/, /bay/, /ay/, /kwayr/, /ayl/, /kwayt/, /vayn/, ri-ZAYN/
ɔɪ oy

boy, toy, oil, noise, employer, royal, voice, choice, soil

/boy/, /toy/, /oyl/, /noyz/, im-PLOY-ı/, /ROY-ıl/, /voys/, /çoys/, /soyl/
əʊ ou

no, know, don't, only, home, toast, vote, hope, motion, Joseph


/NOU/, /nou/, /dount/, /OUN-li/, /houm/, /toust/, /vout/, /houp/, /MOU-şın/, /COU-zif/
aʊ au

out, loud, house, now, vow, cow, town, flower, thousand, resound, allowable, coward

/aut/, /laud/, /haus/, nau/, /vau/, /kau/, /taun/, /FLAU-ı/, /THAU-znd/, /ri-ZAUND/, /ı-LAU-ıbl/, /KAU-ıd/
ɪə iı

ear, near, here, hear, dear, deer, beer, beard, weird, weary, idea, career, theatre

/iı/, /niı/, /hiı/, /hiı/, /diı/, /diı/, /biı/, /biıd/, /wiıd/, /WİI-ri/, /ay-DİI/, /kı-RİI/, /THİI-tı/ (veya, /THYI:-tı/)
eə eı

air, hair, pair, care, chair, share, wear, there, their, vary, Sarah

/eı/, /heı/, /peı/, /keı/, /çeı/, /şeı/, weı/, /dzeı/, /dzeı/, /VEI-ri/, /SEI-rı/ [Biz Türklerin çok zorlandığımız bir dipthong... Genelde, /e:/ uzun e kullanmak hatasına düşebiliyoruz. Bir çare olarak, ABD telaffuzundaki gibi /r/ sesini bir ölçüde eklemek veya bir İngiliz varyantı olan /ea/ (IPA: /əʌ/) sesine başvurmak düşünülebilir.]
ʊə uı

sure, surely, poor, poorer, tour, cure, cured, newer, sewer, jewel, endure, curious, duration

/şuı/, /ŞUI-li/, /puı/, /PUI-rı/, /tuı/, /kyuı/, /kyuıd/, /nyuı/ (veya, /nyu:ı/), /syuı/, /cuıl/, /in-CUI/,

/KYUI-riıs/, /CUI-REY-şın/


İngilizce r harfinden önce gelen sesli harf çok büyük oranda ö diye okunur
Örnek: Girl ( görl ) sir ( sör ) pearl ( pörl) curl ( körl ) dirt (dört ) hurt ( hört ) skirt ( skört ) learn ( lörn) curve ( cörv) fur ( för) shirt ( şört)

ayrıca

s..... İstisna olarak “ş” olarak okunur.

Sugar (şugır) şeker, sure (şu:r) şüphesiz.
 

Aşkaimtisal

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güzel yararlı bi paylaşım olmuş teşekkürler..
 

only roses

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İşinize yarar umarım
rica ederim:cici
 

almanci

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gercekten yardimci olacak bir paylasim
 

only roses

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Kolay gelsin yararlı olur inş:cici
 

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